<div style='margin-bottom: 20px;'> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Genetics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Genetics is the branch of biology dealing with hereditary and the variation of inherited characteristics. It also involves examining the processes of hereditary through the transfer of genetic material from one parent to offspring.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Karyotype?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Karyotype is a visual display of condensed chromosomes during mitosis which have been arranged in pairs according to chromosome number.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Chromosome?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Chromosomes are long thread-like strand, composed mostly of DNA. Chromosomes are usually found in the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells, but they vary widely between organisms of different species in their number, shape and size.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Sex Linked?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Sex Linked describes an allele that is found on one of the sex chromosomes, X or Y, and when passed on to offspring is expressed.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Cytoplasmic Inheritance?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Cytoplasmic Inheritance is a form of maternal inheritance where the zygote only inherits cytoplasmic DNA from the female gamete.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Discontinuous Variation?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Discontinuous Variation is when the expression of the products of one gene has no bearing on the expression of the products of a second gene.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Mendelian Genetics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring, based on the work of Gregor Mendel.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the role of nucleotides in DNA?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The code for the instructions is found in the sequence of nucleotides: cytosine(C), adenine(A), guanine(G), thymine(T) and uracil(U). Uracil replaces Thymine in RNA.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Diffusion?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until particle concentration is equal throughout.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the cell cycle?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The cell cycle is mostly spent in interphase which is the growth phase of the cell. When it is ready, it can enter the cell division phase which consists of mitosis and cytokinesis.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Mitosis?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Mitosis is the continuous process whereby each cell can replicate its DNA and produce a new nucleus for a new cell.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Mutation?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Mutation is a mistake that occurs during DNA replication. If they are not fixed, it is a mutation. Mutations can be spontaneous mutations or induced mutations.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Point Mutation?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Point Mutation is a small change in the nitrogenous base sequence in DNA. Three major categories of point mutations are base-pair substitution, insertion and deletion.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Osmosis?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Osmosis is the net movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane. It is basically simple diffusion of water molecules.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Nondisjunction?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Nondisjunction is an error during meiosis that results in uneven chromosome numbers in gametes.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is DNA?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">DNA or Deoxyribonucleic Acid is a molecule/part of chromosomes they at carries genetic information in the nucleus which is necessary for cell structures and functions.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Complete Dominance?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Complete Dominance is a situation where an allele will determine the phenotype, regardless of the presence of another.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Gene Therapy?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Gene therapy is an experimental technique that involves the insertion of a functioning gene into patient cells to help treat or prevent disease usually caused by an abnormal gene.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Cloning?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Cloning is the process of creating a genetically identical copy of genetic information.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Incomplete Dominance?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Incomplete Dominance is a situation where neither allele dominates the other and both have an influence on the individual; results in partial expression of both traits.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Codominance?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Codominance is a situation where both alleles are expressed fully to produce offspring with a third phenotype.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the process of cell reproduction?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Cell reproduction is the process where a parent cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells. It is important for growth and repair.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Meiosis?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Meiosis is a special type of cell division that occurs in reproductive organs to produce reproductive cells known as gametes.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Dihybrid Cross?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Dihybrid Cross is a mating between purebred plants that differed in two traits.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the Principle of Dominance?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The Principle of Dominance states that if an allele is dominant, it will be always expressed. If the allele is recessive, it will only be expressed when paired with another recessive allele.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Pedigree?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Pedigree is a diagram of an individual’s ancestors used in human genetics to analyze the Mendelian inheritance of a certain trait; also used for selective breeding of plants and animals.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the Law of Independent Assortment?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The Law of Independent Assortment is the second law of inheritance that states that inheritance of alleles for one trait does not affect the inheritance of alleles for another trait.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Genetic Engineering?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Genetic engineering commonly involves insertion of genes from one organism into another.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Autosomal Inheritance?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Autosomal Inheritance is the inheritance of alleles located on autosomal (non-sex) chromosomes.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Purebred Organism?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A purebred organism for a specific trait will only produced that trait when mated with another purebred organism of the same trait.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the Law of Segregation?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The Law of Segregation states that organisms inherit two copies of gene, one from each parent and organisms donate only one copy in each gene to their gametes because the genes separate during gamete formation.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">A high school biology teacher is planning a simple experiment for her students to understand the concept of genetic inheritance. She decides to use pea plants, focusing on one trait - the color of the pea (green or yellow). What type of genetic cross is she planning and how does it help in studying the inheritance of this trait?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The teacher is planning a Monohybrid Cross. This type of cross is designed to study the inheritance of only one trait, in this case, the color of the pea. It helps in understanding how a particular trait is passed from parents to offspring and the probabilities of the trait appearing in the next generation.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Chromosomal Mutation?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Chromosomal Mutation is a mistake made during meiosis, which can result in an irregular number or size of chromosomes.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is In vitro fertilization?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">In vitro fertilization involves the collection of both sperm from the male and eggs from the female. Fertilization then happens outside the body. Fertilized eggs are then placed back in the womb of the female.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Artificial Insemination?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Artificial insemination involves the collection of sperm from the male which is then placed inside the reproductive tract of the female.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Continuous Variation?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Continuous Variation results in unclear results due to phenotypic variation that is along a spectrum. One gene may be affected by the expression of another gene.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Punnett Square?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Punnett Square is a diagram that summarizes every possible combination from each allele from each parent; a tool for determining the probability of a single offspring having a particular trait.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is Genetic Material?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Genetic Material is a term used to describe all the material inside the organism that stores genetic information.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Gene?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Gene is a segment of a DNA molecule that codes for a particular trait or to make a particular protein; found at a specific location on a chromosome.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a Monohybrid Cross?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A Monohybrid Cross is a cross designed to study the inheritance of only one trait.</p> </div> </div>