<div style='margin-bottom: 20px;'> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What does an increased MP angle on a cephalogram indicate in terms of bite?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Open bite.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the first type of bone formed in response to orthodontic loading?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Woven bone.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the significance of the Condylar Cartilage in the mandible's growth process?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">It is considered a secondary cartilage.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the impact of abnormal muscle activity on oral health?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Abnormal muscle activity can result in conditions such as bruxism and tongue thrusting.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Who discovered X-rays?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Roentgen</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary relationship evaluated in Wits appraisal?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Maxilla to mandible</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a key factor in differentiating true Angle's Class III from pseudo Angle's Class III malocclusion?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Existence of a forward shift of the mandible during closure</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What theory explains the pattern of bone formation?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The trajectory theory of bone formation was proposed by both an anatomist, Meyer, and a mathematician, Cullman.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">How does the oral drive theory explain the habit of thumb sucking?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The oral drive theory, proposed by Sears and Wise, explains thumb sucking habit.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What does a more than normal posterior angle indicate in terms of growth direction?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Vertical growth</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary goal of serial extraction in orthodontic treatment?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">To intercept a developing arch-length deficiency and reduce or eliminate the need for extensive appliance therapy.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary reason for decalcification and discoloration of teeth during orthodontic treatment?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Poor oral hygiene</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What facial profile is characteristic of adenoid facies?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Adenoid facies is characterized by a long and narrow facial profile.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">At what stage does the growth activity of synchondroses complete first?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The spheno-occipital synchondrosis completes its growth activity first.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary purpose of oral vestibular screens in orthodontic treatment?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Correction of mouth breathing.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Why should anterior inclined planes not be used for prolonged periods in orthodontic treatment?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Supra eruption of posterior teeth</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the significance of leeway space in dental development?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Leeway space accounts for the space difference between deciduous canine and molar and their succedaneous permanent teeth, facilitating dental development.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the main goal when using oral screens in orthodontic treatment?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">To maximize skeletal changes while minimizing dental changes.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary effect of prolonged thumb sucking on dental structure?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Prolonged thumb sucking does not directly result in constriction of maxilla.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary purpose of using light cure in orthodontics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">To bond retainers, fix brackets, and correct minor diastemas.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the purpose of using a Carpel radiograph in orthodontics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Assessment of skeletal maturation.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the significance of the medial confluence of stress lines on the medial surface of the ramus in mandibular growth?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Represents the arcial growth of the surface of the mandible</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary reason for using a space maintainer in children?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">To prevent malocclusion by maintaining space for the permanent teeth after early loss of a primary tooth.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">How does the mandible achieve growth in length?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The mandible grows longer by apposition of new bone on the posterior surface of the ramus.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the most likely outcome of orthodontic treatment to relapse if not retained properly?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Rotations</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which type of bone formation is involved in the development of the maxilla?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Intra membranous bone formation</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Who developed the Straight Wire Appliance?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Andrew.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the initial sign of sexual maturity in boys?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The initial sign is both the development of Adam's apple and a change in voice.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the best method to estimate bone age?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">X-ray of the wrist</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Why is rapid maxillary expansion typically not indicated after a certain age?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Because the mid palatine suture becomes less responsive to expansion, typically after puberty.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which dental characteristic is not associated with skeletal class III malocclusion?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Distocclusion is not a characteristic of skeletal class III malocclusion.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What does the normal nasolabial angle measure?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">110°</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">At what age is infant orthopedics typically initiated for a cleft patient?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">3 - 6 weeks.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What does a high ANB angle typically indicate in terms of dental classification?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">A severe Class II malocclusion.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which of the following is not a characteristic of fixed orthodontic appliances?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Economical</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which appliance is specifically designed for correcting class II malocclusions in uncooperative patients?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Herbst appliance.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which orthodontic correction is considered the least stable?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Rotation</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the main disadvantage of nonfunctional fixed space maintainers?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Difficulty in maintaining proper oral hygiene.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is a contraindication for functional appliance treatment in orthodontics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Proclined lower incisors.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary challenge in achieving tooth movement in orthodontics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The most difficult tooth movement to accomplish is bodily movement.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the typical correction for the 'ugly duckling' stage of dentition in children?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Eruption of the canine corrects the 'ugly duckling' stage of dentition in children.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which type of wire is known for its shape memory properties in orthodontics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Multiflex round wire</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What editions of 'Principles and Practice of Orthodontics' by Graber are referenced?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">3rd & 5th editions</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary purpose of myofunctional appliances in orthodontics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">To change the direction of growth and correct malocclusions.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">What is the primary benefit of using extra-oral anchorage in orthodontics?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">It allows for the application of more force.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which statement about the development of normal occlusion is incorrect?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The statement that cuspids are the most useful teeth for the anchorage of appliances is false.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">Which method is not used to induce bone growth at surgically created sites?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Bone wax.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">How is the infant's gum pad segmented?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">The infant's gum pad is divided into five segments in each quadrant.</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">For a patient with long face syndrome and increased lower facial height, how is the palatal plane affected?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">Posteriorly downward</p> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 1rem; padding: 10px 20px;"> <h2 style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 3px; font-size: 1.5rem;">At what stage do a significant percentage of children show thumb-sucking behavior?</h2> <p style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 1.2rem;">More than 50% of children in the pre-school stage show thumb-sucking behavior.</p> </div> </div>